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China (/ˈtʃaɪnə/; simplified Chinese: 中国; traditional Chinese: 中國; pinyin: Zhōngguó), officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a sovereign state located in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population of over 1.35 billion. The PRC is a single-party state governed by the Communist Party, with its seat of government in the capital city of Beijing. It exercises jurisdiction over 22 provinces, five autonomous regions, four direct-controlled municipalities (Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, and Chongqing), and two mostly self-governing special administrative regions (Hong Kong and Macau). The PRC also claims Taiwan – which is controlled by the Republic of China (ROC), a separate political entity – as its 23rd province, a claim which is controversial due to the complex political status of Taiwan.

Covering approximately 9.6 million square kilometers, China is the world's second-largest country by land area, and either the third or fourth-largest by total area, depending on the method of measurement. China's landscape is vast and diverse, ranging from forest steppes and the Gobi and Taklamakan deserts in the arid north to subtropical forests in the wetter south. The Himalaya, Karakoram, Pamir and Tian Shan mountain ranges separate China from South and Central Asia. The Yangtze and Yellow Rivers, the third- and sixth-longest in the world, run from the Tibetan Plateau to the densely populated eastern seaboard. China's coastline along the Pacific Ocean is 14,500 kilometres (9,000 mi) long, and is bounded by the Bohai, Yellow, East and South China Seas.

The history of China goes back to the ancient civilization – one of the world's earliest – that flourished in the fertile basin of the Yellow River in the North China Plain. For millennia, China's political system was based on hereditary monarchies, known as dynasties, beginning with the semi-mythological Xia of the Yellow River basin (c. 2000 BCE). Since 221 BCE, when the Qin Dynasty first conquered several states to form a Chinese empire, the country has expanded, fractured and been reformed numerous times. The Republic of China (ROC) overthrew the last dynasty in 1911, and ruled the Chinese mainland until 1949. After the defeat of the Empire of Japan in World War II, the Communist Party defeated the nationalist Kuomintang in mainland China and established the People's Republic of China in Beijing on 1 October 1949, while the Kuomintang relocated the ROC government to its present capital of Taipei.

The economic history of China stretches over thousands of years and has undergone alternating cycles of prosperity and decline. China was for a large part of the last two millennia the world's largest and most advanced economy. Since the introduction of economic reforms in 1978, China has become one of the world's fastest-growing major economies. As of 2013, it is the world's second-largest economy by both nominal total GDP and purchasing power parity (PPP), and is also the world's largest exporter and importer of goods. China is a recognized nuclear weapons state and has the world's largest standing army, with the second-largest defense budget. The PRC has been a United Nations member since 1971, when it replaced the ROC as a permanent member of the U.N. Security Council. China is also a member of numerous formal and informal multilateral organizations, including the WTO, APEC, BRICS, the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation, the BCIM and the G-20. China is a regional power within Asia and has been characterized as a potential superpower by a number of commentators.


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Country:China
Telephone country code:+86
Coordinates: DMS: Latitude: 35°0'0" N; Longitude: 105°0'0" E; DD: 35, 105;
Aliases (In other languages):Afrikaans: ChinaAzərbaycanca: ÇXRBahasa Indonesia: Cina, Republik RakyatDansk: KinaDeutsch: Volksrepublik ChinaEesti: HiinaEnglish: ChinaEspañol: República Popular ChinaFilipino: TsinaFrançaise: République populaire de ChineHrvatski: KinaItaliano: CinaLatviešu: ĶīnaLietuvių: KinijaMagyar: KínaMelayu: ChinaNederlands: ChinaNorsk bokmål: KinaOʻzbekcha: XitoyPolski: Chińska Republika LudowaPortuguês: ChinaRomână: Republica Populară ChinezăShqip: ChinaSlovenčina: ČínaSlovenščina: KitajskaSuomi: KiinaSvenska: KinaTiếng Việt: Trung QuốcTürkçe: ÇinČeština: ČínaΕλληνικά: ΚίναБеларуская: КитайБългарски: КитайКыргызча: Кытай Эл РеспубликасыМакедонски: КинаМонгол: ХятадРусский: КитайСрпски: КинаТоҷикӣ: ЧинУкраїнська: КитайҚазақша: ҚытайՀայերեն: Չինաստանעברית: סיןاردو: چینالعربية: الصينفارسی: چینमराठी: चीनहिन्दी: चीनবাংলা: চীনગુજરાતી: ચીનதமிழ்: சீனாతెలుగు: చైనాಕನ್ನಡ: ಚೀನಾമലയാളം: ചൈനසිංහල: චීනයไทย: จีนქართული: ჩინეთი中國: 中国日本語: 中華人民共和国한국어: 중화인민공화국
More names:
Althydulydveldid Kina, Alþýðulýðveldið Kína, An tSin, An tSín, Caina, Caina, Caina Sin, Cayina, Chaina, China - zhong guo, China - 中国, Chine, Chinia, Chinne, Chinska Republika Ludowa, Chiny, Chung-hua Jen-min-kung-ho-kuo, Chunwa, Chyna, Cin, Cin Halk Cumhuriyeti, Cina Popola Respubliko, Cinio, Cinska lidova republika, Cinska ludova republika, Cinujo, Cong hoa Nhan dan Trung Hoa, Cunghvaz Yinzminz Gunghozgoz, Cīna, Cộng hòa Nhân dân Trung Hoa, Folces Leodthing Cinan, Folces Lēodþing Cīnan, Folkerepublikken Kina, Gweriniaeth Pobl China, Gweriniaeth Pobl Tsieina, Haina, Hiina Rahvavabariik, Hytay, Hytay Halk Respublikasy, Hytaý, Hytaý Halk Respublikasy, Khitoj, Khjatad uls, Kiinan kansantasavalta, Kiinna, Kiinná, Kine, Kinë, Kitai, Kitaj, Kitaj Khalakh Respubliki, Kitajs'ka Narodna Respublika, Kitajska narodna republika, Kyaena, Kˌytaj Khalykˌ Respublikasy, Laike Demokratia tes Kinas, Maldang Republika ning Tsina, Narodna Republika Kina, Narodna republika Kina, Ol Manmeri Ripablik bilong Saina, Orileede saina, Orílẹ́ède ṣáínà, People's Republic of China, People’s Republic of China, Popolrespubliko Cxinio, Populala Republiko di Chinia, Repubblica Popolare Cinese, Republica Popular China, Republica Populara Chineza, Republica Populara de China, Republica Popular da China, Republica Popular de China, Republica Popular de la Xina, Republik Pobl Sina, Republik Rakyat China, Republik Rakyat Tiongkok, Republikang Popular sa Tsina, Republik bilong Manmeri bilong China, Republique populaire de Chine, Republyique du Peupl'ye d'la Chinne, República Popular da China, República Popular de la Xina, Respublica Populi Sinarum, Res publica popularis Sinarum, Républyique du Peupl'ye d'la Chinne, Shiinaha, Shina, Shine, Shîna, Siaina, Siin, Sin, Sin, Sina, Siniwajamana, Sinɛ, Sjina, Trung Hoa, Trung Quoc, Tsaina nutome, Tseina, Tsunkwo, Txina, Txinako Herri Errepublika, Ubushinwa, Volksrepubliek China, Volksrepubliek van Sjina, Volleksrepublik China, Xina, Zhongguo, Zhonghua Renmin Gongheguo, alsyn, caina, chineti, chyn, cin, cina makkal kutiyaracu, cini janara ganarajya, i-China, jugygue, jung-gug, junghwainmingonghwagug, jungug, prathes cin, satharnrath prachachn cin, syn, zhong guo, zhong hua ren min gong he guo, Çin Halk Cumhuriyeti, Çîn, Ĉina Popola Respubliko, Ĉinio, Ĉinujo, Ċina, Čínska ľudová republika, Čínská lidová republika, Λαϊκή Δημοκρατία της Κίνας, Бүгд Найрамдах Хятад Ард Улс, Китай Халăх Республики, Китайска народна република, Китайська Народна Республіка, Кітай, Народна Република Кина, Народна република Кина, Хитой, Хятад улс, Қытай Халық Республикасы, הרפובליקה העממית של סין, כינע, جمهورية الصين الشعبية, جۇڭخۇا خەلق جۇمھۇرىيىتى, صين, ଚିନ୍, சீன மக்கள் குடியரசு, ಚೀನ, ಚೀನಿ ಜನರ ಗಣರಾಜ್ಯ, ประเทศจีน, สาธารณรัฐประชาชนจีน, ຈີນ, རྒྱ་ནག, རྒྱ་མི, တရုတ်, ቻይና, ᏓᎶᏂᎨᏍᏛ, ᏥᎾ, ចិន, 中华人民共和国, 中華人民共和國, ꍏꇩ, 중국

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